Nouns As Adverb Modifiers

	Lesson 35 (pp. 62, 63)	He gave me a book. Here we have what many grammarians call a double object. Book, naming the thing acted upon, they call the direct object; and me, naming the person toward whom the act is directed, they call the indirect, or dative object.…       We treat these indirect objects, which generally denote the person to or for whom something is done, as equivalent to phrase modifiers. If we change the order of the words, a preposition must be supplied; as, He gave a book to me. He bought me a book; He bought a book for me. He asked me a question; He asked a question of me. When the indirect object precedes the direct, no preposition is expressed or understood.       Teach, tell, send, promise, permit, and lend are other examples of verbs that take indirect objects.       Besides these indirect objects, nouns denoting measure, quantity, weight, time, value, distance, or direction are often used adverbially, being equivalent to phrase modifiers. We walked four miles an hour; It weights one pound; It is worth a dollar a yard; I went home that way; The wall is ten feet six inches high.17       The idiom of the language does not often admit a preposition before nouons denoting measure, direction, etc. In your analysis you need not supply one.
1.	They offered Cæsar the crown three times.	Analysis.— Cæsar and times are nouns used adverbially, being equivalent to adverb phrases modifying the predicate offered.
Exercises (Lesson 35: nouns as adverb-like modifiers) Diagram the following:
2. In 1877 we paid the President of the United States $50,000 a year. 3. He sent his daughter home that way. 4. I gave him a dollar a bushel for his wheat, and ten cents a pound for his sugar. 5. Shakespeare was fifty-two years old the very day of his death. 6. Snakes shed their skin once a year. 7. The famous Charter Oak of Hartford, Conn., fell Aug. 21, 1856. 8. Good land should yield its owner seventy-five bushels of corn an acre. 9. On the fatal field of Zutphen, Sept. 22, 1586, his attendants brought the wounded Sir Philip Sidney a cup of water. 10. He magnanimously gave a dying soldier the water. 11. The frog lives several weeks as a fish, and breathes by means of gills. 12. Queen Esther asked King Ahasuerus a favor. 13. Aristotle taught Alexander the Great philosophy. 14. The pure attar of roses is worth twenty or thirty dollars an ounce. 15. Puff balls have grown six inches in diameter in a single night.
Answers