Paraphrase the sentences paratactically, parsing them according to the conventions introduced in the last chapter. Diagram at least three of them.
1. Hargreaves and Arkwright, both Englishmen, invented and improved spinning and weaving machinery. — Kimball.
E. Hargreaves and Arkwright, who were both Englishmen, invented and improved spinning and weaving machinery.
Hint: Here again there is a non-restrictive adjective clause but this one reduced to an appositive. You may want to try your hand at paraphrasing this hypotactic structure. The imbed they were both Englishmen comes after the matrix, but you will have to analyze them into two clauses to relate analytically to the individuals of the compound subject. Because we haven’t yet analyzed elements (beyond compounding) you should cross-relate the compounded elements in the predicate into four conjoined predicates.
2. Every here and there, in an opening, appeared the great gold face of the west. — Stevenson.
3. J. G. Whittier is of a Quaker family and was born in Haverhill, Massachusetts. — Kimball.
4. His dislike of books was instinctive, hearty, and uncompromising. — Boyesen. 5. They were assigned a dwelling place in the vilest and unhealthiest part of the city. — Howells. 6. There seems no end to the charm of their vast, smooth, all but melancholy expanses. — Howells. Hint: You do not have to try to analyze the elements that are connected adversatively; consider the phrase all but as an
unanalyzable adverb modifying the adjective. 7. Their wives never came to the island until late in May or early in June. — Kipling. 8. All ruin, desolateness, imperfectness of hut or habitation you must do away with. — Ruskin. Hint: This sentence accumulates nouns in a noun phrase. Use the abbreviation NA (Qual) for "nouns accumulated as
qualifying." 9. His meat was locusts and wild honey. — Kimball. 10. St. Edmund punishes terribly yet with mercy. — Carlyle. 11. Hundreds and hundreds of thousands of seals watched them being driven, but they went on playing just the
same. — Kipling. 12. He was a mongoose, rather like a little cat in his fur and his tail, but quite like a weasel in his head and his
habits. — Kipling. 13. All the ground was covered, not with grass and green leaves, but with radiant corollas. — Muir. 14. Mist may rest upon the surrounding landscape, but our own path is visible from hour to hour, from day to
day. — Gladstone. 15. Punctuality should be made not only a point of courtesy, but also a point of conscience. — Kimball. 16. Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote. — Webster.
i. (I may) sink or swim, live or die, survive or parish. m. I give my hand and my heart to this vote in any case. CncC
Hint: There are in all eight clauses in the paratactic paraphrase. The first six clauses embed into the last two as a concessive clause (see §22.3), the paraphrase of which I have given.
17. The rough work is, at all events, real, honest, and generally though not always, useful; while the fine work is, a great deal of it, foolish and false as well as fine, and therefore dishonorable. — Ruskin.
Hint: There are eight clauses in the paraphrase. What may have been historically a dependent temporal clause has become an independent adversative clause. The case may be similar with what in §16-1 we analyze as a dependent equipollent degree clause; analyze the clause with as well as as conjunctive for now.